CHM1025C

Hands-On Experiment 5

Recording and Graphing Data

 

GOALS:

 

1.      To measure liquid volume from the burettes.

 

2.      To measure the temperature with a Celcius thermometer.

 

3.      To observe the accuracy of the lab measures as lab instruments approach their capacity.

 

4.      To plot the mass vs. volume of a solid and liquid on rectangular coordinate graph paper and observe a straight line plot.

 

5.      To plot temperature change vs. time on a heating curve on rectangular coordinate graph paper.

 

6.      To interpolate the density of a liquid and solid from the graph plot of mass vs volume.

 

7.      To observe that boiling water maintains a constant temperature at its boiling point..

 

EQUIPMENT:

 

Hardware from the desk:                          Equipment from check out cart/drawer:

 

Ring Stand

100 mL Graduate

Burette Holder

5 Solid rubber stoppers no larger than # 2

Extension Clamp

400 or 600 mL beaker

Rings 5” and/or 3”

100°C Thermometer

Wire Gauze

50 mL Erylenmeyer Flask

Burners and tubing

Burette brush (if available)

Beaker tongs

50 mL Buret

Instruments:

Special cut stopper to hold thermometer

Top Loading Balance (0.01g)               

Small Funnel for Buret

 

 

 

 

 

PART A: TIME VS. TEMPERATURE

 

(1)   Using a ring stand, Safety ring, ring, wire gauze, burner; place a 400 ml beaker with it half filled with water on the ring stand to be heated. Place a boiling chip in the water.

 

(2)   Place a thermometer into the water by attaching it to an extension clamp with a special cut thermometer stopper. Turn the divisions read around so that you may view the entire division markings from 25° to 100° C.

 

(3)   Adjust the ring on the ring stand to about two inches above the top of the Fisher burner. Light the burner. Heat with the Fisher burner. Record the temperature at each ˝ minute interval. When the water begins to boil, continue heating for an additional two minutes, recording the temperature every ˝ minute. Why may you stop after two minutes?

 

 

 

(4)   Using beaker tongs, empty the water, cool the beaker, refill with water at room temperature. Use a Bunsen burner instead of the Fisher Burner. The distance between the ring and the Bunsen burner depends on the flame height.  Light the Bunsen Burner. Adjust the burner for good blue flame, no yellow. Reheat and record the temperature at each one minute interval. Heat the water to boiling and boil for 2 additional minutes, recording the temperature every one minute. Have your instructor OK your data.

 

(5)   Plot time vs. temperature on graph paper. Put both plots superimposed on the same graph. Make as smooth a curve as possible for both heating curves.

 

 

 

 

 

PART B: MASS VS. VOLUME OF RUBBER

 

(1)    Obtain approximately 50 ml of water in a 100 ml graduated cylinder and record the volume to the nearest 0.2 or 0.3 ml.

 

(2)   The student will weigh on a Top Loading Balance a size #2 or smaller rubber stopper. Then she/he will slide it gradually in the graduate without spilling or splashing water. Record the mass and the new volume to the correct number of decimal places.

 

(3)   The student will weigh a second stopper, then add it to the graduate Record the new volume.

 

(4)   The student will continue until a third, fourth and fifth is weighed separately and placed in the graduate. The volume is recorded with each stopper as in step 3.

 

(5)   Then the student will transform his/her  data by calculating the mass and volume of one stopper, two stoppers together, three stoppers together, four together, and then all five together. The calculations will provide the student with five points of increasing size to be plotted on the graph. Have your instructor OK your final data transformation.

 

(6)   On rectangular coordinate paper, plot these five points. One axis of the graph will be mass, the other volume. Select the numbering of the axis so to use the entire paper, yet all five points must be included.

 

(7)   Draw a straight line to incorporate all the points as close as possible. Extrapolate so that the straight line crosses the axis, it should cross the axis at 0-0 why?  The purpose of the straight line drawn in such a manner is to average out the experimental error. Read the mass at the some volume other than a recorded point, calculate the density. (Calculate the density  from a second mass and volume reading). Calculate the deviation and percent error

 

 

 

 

 

PART C: MASS VS. VOLUME OF WATER

 

(1)   The student will clean a burette, set it up, check for grease spots. Rinse the burette with distilled water. Record the initial volume. (Between 0.00 and 0.10 ml) (Burettes have division marking inverted. 0.00 is the starting point. The first line is read 0.10. Please see diagram below :)

 

 

 

(2)   Clean, dry, and weigh on the Top Loading Balance a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask.

 

(3)   Drain about 5 ml of water in the flask, record the buret reading and reweigh the flask. Estimate the buret reading to the nearest 0.02 or 0.03 ml. Have instructor OK the second burette reading.

 

(4)   In the same flask, drain 10 more ml of water and record the buret reading (nearest 0.2-0.3 mL) and reweigh.

 

(5)   Accumulate three more readings of approximately 10 ml each (to the nearest 0.02-0.03 mL) until you have used about 45 ml of water from the burette. Have your instructor Ok your final reading. Check the temperature of the water and record it.

 

(6)   Plot mass vs. volume on the graph. Read just your reading into 5, 15, 25, 35, 45 ml points. Be certain to adjust the axis so that you may use as much of paper as possible.

 

(7)   Draw a straight line to incorporate all points, and extrapolate the line to cross the axis at (0, 0).   Read the mass at some volume other than a recorded point. Calculate the density and compare to the correct from the density temperature. Chart in Experiment 4. Calculate deviation and percent error.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NAME _______________________________                       DATE____________________

 

EXPERIMENT # 5

RECORDING & GRAPHING DATA

 

PART A: TIME VS. TEMPERATURE

 

 

      TIME

    MINUTES

TEMPERATURE

       °C

 

      TIME

    MINUTES

TEMPERATURE

       °C

 

 

         FISCHER BURNER

 

 

BUNSEN BURNER

 

 

 

0

________                          _______

 

0

________

12

 

˝

________

 

˝

________

12 ˝

 

1

________

 

1

________

13

 

1 ˝

________

 

1 ˝

________

13 ˝

 

2

________

 

2

________

14

 

2 ˝

________

 

2 ˝

________

14 ˝

 

3

________

 

3

________

15

 

3 ˝

________

 

3 ˝

________

15 ˝

 

4

________

 

4

________

16

 

4 ˝

________

 

4 ˝

________

16 ˝

 

5

________

 

5

________

17

 

5 ˝

________

 

5 ˝

________

17 ˝

 

6

________

 

6

________

18

 

6 ˝

________

 

6 ˝

________

18 ˝

 

7

________

 

7

________

19

 

7 ˝

________

 

7 ˝

________

19 ˝

 

8

________

 

8

________

20

 

8 ˝

________

 

8 ˝

________

20 ˝

 

9

________

 

9

________

21

 

9 ˝

________

 

9 ˝

________

21 ˝

 

10

________

 

10

________

22

 

10 ˝

________

 

10 ˝

________

22 ˝

 

11

________

 

11

________

23

 

11 ˝

________

 

11 ˝

________

23 ˝

 

 

 

 

 

INSTRUCTOR’S OK____________________________

 

 

*GRAPHS MAY BE TURNED IN LATER AS POST LAB REPORT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NAME______________________________                            DATE___________________

 

 

 

EXPERIMENT # 5

RECORDING & GRAPHING DATA

 

 

PART B: MASS VS. VOLUME OF RUBBER

 

Instrument reading:

 

 

 

     MASS:

 

 

     VOLUME:

 

 

 

 

____________ml

( graduate and water)

Stopper #1:

______________g

 

____________ml

(after one stopper)

Stopper #2:

______________g

 

____________ml

(after two stopper)

Stopper #3:

______________g

 

____________ml

(after three stopper)

Stopper #4:

______________g

 

____________ml

(after four stopper)

Stopper #5:

______________g

 

____________ml

(after five stopper)

 

 

 

Adjustment of the Reading for Data Plot:

 

 

TOTAL MASS:

 

 

TOTAL VOLUME:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Point #1

_________g

(Stopper #1)

_________ml

(volume of stopper #1)

Point #2

_________g

(Stopper #1 & #2)

_________ml

(volume of stopper #1 & #2)

Point #3

_________g

(#1 & #2 & #3)

_________ml

(#1 & #2 & #3)

Point #4

_________g

(#1 & #2 & #3 & #4)

_________ml

(#1 & #2 & #3 & #4)

Point #5

_________g

(#1 & #2 & #3 & #4 & #5)

_________ml

(#1 & #2 & #3 & #4 & #5)

  

 

                                                                            TOTAL POINTS:   __________     (03) Data

                                                                                                              __________ (02) Graph

                                                                                                              __________ (05) TOTAL

*Attach this sheet to your graph

 

 

INSTRUCTOR’S OK____________________________

 

 

*GRAPHS MAY BE TURNED IN LATER AS POST LAB REPORT

 

 

 

 

NAME______________________________                            DATE___________________

 

 

 

EXPERIMENT # 5

RECORDING & GRAPHING DATA

 

PART C: MASS VS. VOLUME OF WATER

 

Instrument readings:

 

 

       MASS:

 

 

VOLUME:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flask empty

__________g

 

Burette Start Point:

__________ml

Flask and 5 ml:

__________g

 

After 5 ml:

__________ml

Flask and 15 ml:

__________g

 

After 15 ml:

__________ml

Flask and 25 ml:

__________g

 

After 25 ml:

__________ml

Flask and 35 ml:

__________g

 

After 35 ml:

__________ml

Flask and 45 ml:

__________g

 

After 45 ml:

__________ml

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustment of the Reading for Data Plot:

 

Point # 1:

___________ g.(approx.   5 g)

 

____________ml

(approx.   5 ml)

Point # 2:

___________ g (approx. 15 g)

 

____________ml

(approx.  15 ml)

Point # 3:

___________ g (approx. 25 g)

 

____________ml

(approx.  25 ml)

Point # 4:

___________ g (approx. 35 g)

 

____________ml

(approx.  35 ml)

Point # 5:

___________ g (approx. 45 g)

 

____________ml

(approx.  45 ml)

 

 

                                                                                                                   GRADE:      _______   (02) Data

                                                                   _______ (03) Graph        

                                                                                                      _______    (05) TOTAL

*Attach this sheet to your graph

 

INSTRUCTOR’S OK____________________________

 

 

*GRAPHS MAY BE TURNED IN LATER AS POST LAB REPORT