Module 4 Part G: Binary Ternary Acids
Strong Acids Weak Acids
Strong acids ionize 100% in a water solution,
while Weak Acids ionize less than 5% in a water solution.
There are Binary/Ternary Acid online homework for your practice for M-4 Part G:
G: Binary/Ternary Acid Names:
http://www.lsua.us/chem1001/nomenclature/Acids/acids.html
G!: Binary/Ternary Acid
Names:
http://www.fccj.us/Nomenclature/AcidFormulas/AcidFormulas.html
Chapter 6 Bishop
Sections 6.3-6.4 give you instructions for naming and writing formulas of
acids.
A brief
tutorial for names and formulas of acids follows:
If hydrogen
is written first in a chemical formula, there is two ways to name the compound. As
a pure molecular compound or as an aqueous acid:
If the compound is a pure molecular compound then you name it just as if it were an ionic compound:
HCl
hydrogen chloride
HClO
hydrogen hypochlorite
HClO2 hydrogen chlorite
HClO3 hydrogen chlorate
HClO4 hydrogen perchlorate
H3PO4 hydrogen
phosphate
H2CO3 hydrogen
carbonate
H2SO4 hydrogen sulfate
H2SO3 hydrogen
sulfite
HC2H3O2 hydrogen
acetate
H2C2O4 hydrogen oxalate
HBr hydrogen bromide
HF hydrogen
fluoride
Writing hydrogen first in a
chemical formula indicates that when you dissolve the compound in water, a
water molecule has the ability to pull the hydrogen off (from strong electronegative elements like
oxygen) the molecule HXO3 and creating hydronium
ions, H3O1+ and a negative ion XO31-
(cation).
The way you indicate this ionic solution is to write the formula followed by (aq) meaning a water solution: HXO3 (aq) .
The first step
is to drop the first word hydrogen and
add a second word acid:
HCl
hydrogen chloride acid (aq)
HClO
hydrogen hypochlorite acid (aq)
HClO2
hydrogen chlorite acid (aq)
HClO3
hydrogen chlorate acid (aq)
HClO4
hydrogen perchlorate acid (aq)
H3PO4
hydrogen phosphate acid (aq)
H2CO3
hydrogen carbonate acid (aq)
H2SO4
hydrogen sulfate acid (aq)
H2SO3 hydrogen sulfite acid (aq)
HC2H3O2
hydrogen acetate acid (aq)
H2C2O4 hydrogen
oxalate acid (aq)
HBr hydrogen
bromide acid (aq)
HF hydrogen
fluoride acid (aq)
The next step is to drop the suffix from the cation and make the following substitution with another suffix:
Change the -ate to -ic
Change the -ite to -ous
but the instead of coming up with a third suffix for -ide , they reused the -ic for -ide and added a prefix hydro- (Do not get this confused with the prefix hypo- which means 'under'.)
HCl
hydrochloric acid (aq)
HClO
hypochlorous
acid (aq)
HClO2 chlorous acid (aq)
HClO3
chloric acid (aq)
HClO4
perchloric acid (aq)
H3PO4
phosphoric acid (aq) (Put the -or- syllable back in the name)
H2CO3
carbonic acid (aq)
H2SO4
sulfuric acid (aq) (Put the -
H2SO3 sulfurous acid (aq) (Put the -
HC2H3O2
acetic acid (aq) (Notice the three hydrogens
written after carbon are NOT ionizable and not
written first in the formula)
H2C2O4 oxalic acid (aq)
HBr hydrobromic
acid (aq)
HF hydrofluoric
acid (aq)
On Corwin page 190
Questions 47-54 will give you more practice on writing names and formulas of
acids.