Summary of VSEPR Film and Lecture

Steric Number = Number of Bonded atoms plus Lone Pairs:

S# bond angle Hybrid orbital type

4 109½ ^o sp³ hybrid orbitals (4 total orbitals)

3 120^o sp² hybrid orbitals (3 total orbitals)

2 180 sp hybrid orbitals (2 total orbitals)

1 no angle s orbital (Only hydrogen has a S# of 1)

Methane 109½ ^o bond angles sp^3 hybrid orbitals Molecular shape: Tetrahedronal Polarity: Non Polar Ethylene 120 ^o bond angles sp^2 hybrid orbitals Molecular shape: Planer Polarity: Non Polar

Steric Number of carbon in methane: 4 bonded atoms and no lone pairs = 4 Steric Number of each Carbon in ethylene: 3 bonded atoms and no lone pairs = 3

Acetylene 180 ^o bond angles sp hybrid orbitals Molecular shape: Linear Polarity: Non Polar Ammonia 109½ ^o bond angles sp^3 hybrid orbitals Molecular shape: Trigonal Pyramidal Polarity: Polar Sulfur Trioxide 120 ^o bond angles sp^2 hybrid orbitals Molecular shape: Planer Polarity: nonpolar

Steric Number of each Carbon in acetylene: 2 bonded atoms and no lone pairs = 2 Steric Number of each Carbon in acetylene: 3 bonded atoms and 1 lone pairs = 4 Steric Number of sulfur in sulfur trioxide: 3 bonded atoms and no lone pairs = 3

Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Cyanide Sulfur Dioxide Hypobromous Acid (Hydrogen Hypobromite) Nitrous Acid (Hydrogen Nitrite) Urea Carbon Dioxide

S# bond angle Hybrid orbital type

5 180/120/90 sp³d hybrid orbitals (5 total orbitals)

6 180/90 sp³d² hybrid orbitals (6 total orbitals)

Hybrid Orbital Model of Ethane

Hybrid Orbital Model of Methanol

Steric Numbers 2 through 6

Hybrid Orbital Type, Geometry, and Bond Angles:

SP₃ Hybrid Orbital Model

SP₂ Hybrid Orbital Model

SP Hybrid Orbital Model

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

(Substitute hydrogen before Add to Double Bonds

because of resonance hybrid of double bonds):

Benzene (not 1,3,5 cyclohexatriene)