CHM 2046C Sample Module 12 Name: _________________

Part B. Controlling pH: Buffer Solutions 10 points

1. What is a buffer solution?

2. (a) State the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for an acid:

2. (b) State the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for a base:

3. According to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, there are two terms that establish the pH of a buffer solution.

(a)What are they?

The first: The Second :

(b) What are the relative magnitudes of their contribution to the value of the pH?

4. What are the two requirements for a buffer solution?

(a)

(b)

5. Explain how it is that the pH of a buffer solution does not change if the solution is diluted.

6. Explain what happens if the concentrations of the buffering components are increased so that their proportion maintains the same ratio.