CHM 2046C Module 14 Chapter 17 Name___Answers_____

Part K: Chapter 17 Key Terms 10 points

1. anode – the electrode at which oxidation takes place

2. cathode – the electrode at which reduction takes place

3. cathodic protection – a techniques for protecting a metal from corrosion by converting it to a second metal that is more easily oxidized

4. cell potential – same as electromotive force

5. corrosion – the oxidative deterioration of a metal, such as the conversion of iron to rust

6. electrochemical cell – a devise for interconverting chemical and electrical energy

7.. electrochemistry – the area of chemistry concerned with the interconversion of chemical and electrical energy

8. electrolyte – a substance that dissolves in water water to produce ions

9. electrolysis – the process of using an electric current to bring about chemical change

10. electromotive force – the electrical potential that pushes electrons away from the anode and pulls them toward the cathode

11. electroplating – the coating of one metal on the surface of another using electrolysis

12. electrorefining – the purification of a metal by means of electrolysis

13. Faraday (Faraday constant) – the elctric charge on 1 mol of electrons

14. fuel cell – a galvanic cell in which one of the reactants is a traditional fuel such as methane or hydrogen

15. galvanic cell (voltaic cell) – An electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction generates an electric current

16. galvanizing – a process for protecting steel from corrosion by coating it with zinc

17. half-reaction – The oxidation or reduction part of a redox reaction

18. Hall-Heroult Process – the commercial method for protecting aluminum by electrolysis of a molten mixture of aluminum oxide and cryolite

19. Nernst Equation – An equation for calculating cell potentials under non-standard state conditions

20. overvolatge – An additional voltage required above the calculated for an electrolysis reaction

21. Salt Bridge – A tube that contains a gel permeated with a solution of an inert electrolyte connecting the two sides of an electrochemical cell.

22. standard cell potential (E^o) – The cell potential when both reactants and products are in their saturated states

23. Standard electrode potential – same as standard reduction potential

24. Standard hydrogen electrode (S.H.E.) – A refernce half cell consisting of a platinum electrode in contact with H₂ gas and aqueous H¹⁺ ions at standard state conditions

25. standard reduction potential – The standard potential for a reduction half cell