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08-28C
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Title: Proposed models for mantle convection.
Caption: C. This deep-layer model suggests that the mantle operates similar to a lava lamp on a low setting. Earth's heat causes these layers of convection to slowly swell and shrink in complex patterns without substantial mixing. Some material from the lower layer flows upward as mantle plumes.
Keywords: plate tectonics, tectonic plates, sea-floor spreading, divergent boundaries, boundary, mid-ocean ridges, convergent, mantle, subduction, trenches, core